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What is the role of the Executive and Judiciary in governance for UPSC?

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  • The Executive implements laws and policies, while the Judiciary ensures their constitutional validity through Judicial Review.
  • Use Sleepy Classes’ Polity modules to study the President's discretionary powers and the "checks and balances" like Judicial Activism vs. Restraint.
  • Focus on the appointment of judges (Collegium system), the Basic Structure Doctrine, and the Executive's accountability to the Legislature for effective democratic governance.